Effect of acupuncture on the molar bite force in women with chronic neck pain / Efecto de la acupuntura sobre la fuerza de mordida en mujeres con cervicalgia crónico

Objetive: To investigate the maximum molar bite force in women with chronic neck pain after treatment with acupuncture. Materials and Methods: Twenty-three women with chronic neck pain participated. Dynamometer was used to measure the right and left maximum molar bite force. Dong Bang acupuncture needles - 0.25 mm x 30 mm was inserted into the integumentary tissue. Treatment was 10 sessions, each 30 minutes long and twice a week. Results: The right (p = 0.01) and left (p = 0.004) molar bite force was assessed after treatment with acupuncture, and showed increased occlusal strength. Conclusions: This study suggests a functional improvement in the stomatognathic system in women with chronic cervical pain after treatment with acupuncture. However, it is important to note that further research is needed to fully elucidate the long-term effects and potential clinical implications of these findings in the field of pain management and rehabilitation.

Objetivo: Investigar la fuerza masticatoria máxima en mujeres con dolor crónico de cuello después del tratamiento con acupuntura. Materiales y Métodos: Participaron veintitrés mujeres con dolor crónico de cuello. Se utilizó un dinamómetro para medir la fuerza máxima de mordida del molar derecho e izquierdo. Agujas de acupuntura Dong Bang se insertaron 0,25 mm x 30 mm en el tejido tegumentario. El tratamiento fue de 10 sesiones, cada una de 30 minutos de duración, dos veces por semana. Resultados: Se observó la fuerza de mordida del molar derecho (p=0.01) e izquierdo (p=0.004) después del tratamiento con acupuntura, que mostró un aumento de la fuerza oclusal. Conclusión: Este estudio sugiere una mejora funcional en el sistema estomatognático en mujeres con dolor cervical crónico después del tratamiento con acupuntura. Sin embargo, es importante señalar que se necesita más investigación para dilucidar por completo los efectos a largo plazo y las posibles implicaciones clínicas de estos hallazgos en el campo del tratamiento y la rehabilitación del dolor.

Assessment of Bite Forces in Restored Teeth with Different Commonly Used Restorative Materials: A Comparative Study

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate and compare bite force (BF) in permanent first molars restored with glass ionomer cement (GIC), composite and amalgam, and normal contralateral permanent first molars. Material and Methods: BF was recorded in decayed permanent first molars, which were filled with GIC (n=30), composite (n=30), and amalgam (n=30), and in healthy contralateral first molars (n=90) with Force Transducer Occlusal Force Meter and compared. Results: BF was significantly higher in normal teeth on the contralateral side compared to teeth restored with GIC and composite. However, in patients with amalgam restoration, though it was less compared to that on the contralateral side, it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Restoring teeth with various filling materials may improve bite force. In the present study, it was found that the teeth restored with amalgam had higher bite forces in comparison to the other restorative materials used. However, it was not comparable to that observed in the normal tooth (control) on the contralateral side.

Measurement of Maximum Occlusal Force Using Digital Occlusal Force Measurement Device: A Scoping Review

@#The aim of this review was to provide an update on the current status of digital occlusal force measurement devices, as well as clinical and research applications in complete arch maximum occlusal force measurement. SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases were used to conduct a literature search from January 2001 to January 2021. Identification and screening of literature were done independently according to published guidelines and selection criteria. The electronic searches turned up 394 articles, 16 of which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were selected for study analysis. All of these studies used T-scan and Dental Prescale digital occlusal analysis system with pressure-sensitive foils as occlusal force measurement devices. The devices showed a promising potential for identifying and comprehending maximum occlusal forces objectively. According to the current review, maximum occlusal force measured with digital occlusal force devices can be used as a prosthodontic adjunct to address issues that arise during the treatment of occlusal disorders, temporomandibular disorders, and complete dentures. It is also useful in predicting cognitive and functional decline in the elderly.

Stress distribution in occlusal veneers with different finish lines when applying vertical and tangential forces / Distribución de estrés en carillas con diferentes líneas de terminación aplicando fuerzas verticales y tangenciales

Abstract To evaluate stress distribution when applying vertical and tangential forces to 1mm thick occlusal veneers with different finish lines preparations, using the finite element method. One extracted third molar was prepared for occlusal veneers, firstly without any bevel. It was scanned in order to design two groups of lithium disilicate (G1A, G2A) and composite resin (G1B, G2B) occlusal veneers. Then, the third molar preparation was modified, beveling the finish line and it was subsequently scanned again to design the occlusal veneer groups with bevel (LD: G3A, G4A and CR: G3B, G4B). The four groups were subjected to different forces (400 N vertical and 900 N tangential). At 400 N, the non-beveled veneers showed slightly higher Von Mises stress values (G1A: 783 MPa and G1B 736.5 MPa) than the beveled veneers (G3A: 685.7 MPa and G3B: 675.8 MPa). However, when 900 N tangential forces were applied, the beveled occlusal veneers showed higher Von Mises stress values (G4A: 4297 MPa and G4B: 4133 MPa) than the non-beveled occlusal veneers (G2A: 2581.1 MPa and G2B: 3519.1 MPa). Furthermore, it was observed that the tissue under the occlusal veneers with bevel showed higher Von Mises stress values than the models without any bevel. Beveled and non-beveled occlusal veneers of lithium disilicate and composite resin presented similar stress distribution values when vertical forces of 400 N were applied; whereas with tangential forces of 900 N applied near to the finish line, the beveled groups presented notably higher stress values than the non-beveled groups. However, both finish line preparations presented adequate values for possible clinical performance.

Resumen Evaluar la distribución de estrés al aplicar fuerzas verticales y tangenciales en carillas oclusales de 1mm de espesor con diferentes líneas de terminación marginal por el método de elementos finitos. Se preparó un tercer molar extraído para carilla oclusal, primero sin bisel. Se escaneó para diseñar dos grupos de carillas oclusales de disilicato de litio (G1A, G2A) y resina compuesta (G1B, G2B). Después, esta preparación molar fue modificada, biselando la línea de terminación y escaneándola nuevamente para diseñar los grupos de carillas oclusales con bisel (DL: G3A, G4A and RC: G3B, G4B). Los 4 grupos fueron sometidos a fuerzas diferentes (400 N vertical y 900 N tangencial). Con 400 N, las carillas sin bisel presentaron ligera mayor tensión de Von Mises (G1A: 783 MPa y G1B 736.5 MPa) que las carillas con bisel (G3A: 685.7 MPa y G3B: 675.8 MPa). De distinta forma, al aplicar fuerzas tangenciales de 900 N, las carillas oclusales con bisel presentaron mayor tensión de Von Mises (G4A: 4297 MPa y G4B: 4133 MPa) que las carillas oclusales sin bisel (G2A: 2581.1 MPa y G2B: 3519.1 MPa). Además, se observó que los tejidos subyacentes a las carillas oclusales con bisel, presentaron mayor tensión de Von Mises, frente a los modelos sin bisel. Las carillas oclusales con y sin bisel de disilicato de litio y resina compuesta presentaron una distribución de estrés similar con fuerzas verticales de 400 N, por otro lado, con fuerzas tangenciales de 900 N, los grupos con bisel presentaron notablemente mayor tensión que los grupos sin bisel. Sin embargo, ambos diseños de terminación marginal presentaron valores adecuados para un posible desempeño clínico.

A comparative study of conventional and Hall techniques of crown placement using finite element stress analysis

Background: Hall technique of crown placement causes the changes in vertical occlusal dimension; the mode of settlement of which needs to be explored. Aim: To assess and compare the changing patterns of stress distribution following placement of stainless steel crowns on primary teeth by Hall and conventional techniques using a finite element model analysis. Materials and Methods: The clinical crown heights of primary molars restored with Hall and conventional techniques and opposing teeth in contact, vertical dimension changes in the primary canine area were measured using intraoral digital scan. T-scan was used to measure the changes in bite force while the finite element analysis was used to assess deformative changes on the 2nd, 5th, 10th, and 15th days. Results: The Hall technique of crown placement caused more stress distribution in the tooth supporting tissues that settled in 2 weeks as compared with conventional technique of crown placement in which settlement occurred in 2 days. Conclusion: The settling of vertical occlusal dimension as well as stress distribution in Hall technique probably takes place by intrusion of crowned tooth and opposing teeth in contact.

Evaluation of molar bite force in carious and non-carious primary dentition among 4 to 6 year old children / Evaluación de la fuerza de mordida molar en dentición temporal cariada y no cariada en niños de 4 a 6 años

Objetive: The aim of the study was to evaluate the maximum molar bite force in children aged 4 to 6 years with and without dental caries. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out from May 2018 to December 2018. A total of 288 children aged between 4 to 6 years were randomly selected from six different primary schools in Chennai city, India and divided into two groups of 144 children each, based on the presence and absence of caries: Group A children with non-carious dentition and Group B children with carious dentition. Bite force measurement was performed using standardized custom made occlusal force gauge. Statistical analysis used: Data were expressed as the mean ± SD. Student's t­test (two tailed, independent) and ANOVA were used to find the significance of study parameters between the groups. Results: Occlusal bite force of non-carious dentition (367.94 ±33.71N) was higher than the carious dentition (326.73±27.83N) and it was statistically significant (p≤0.01). Overall occlusal bite force of boys (350.44±35.84N) was significantly higher than that of girls (344.22±38.25N). Flush terminal plane molar relationship showed higher occlusal bite force (380.54±27.36N) followed by mesial step (350.82±22.25N) and distal step (310.63±20.82N) molar relationship. Conclusion: Non-carious dentition showed significantly higher bite force than carious dentition in children 4 to 6 years of age. Boys had higher bite force than the girls and flush terminal plane molar relationship showed higher bite force than mesial and distal step molar relationship.

Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la fuerza de mordida molar máxima en niños y niñas de 4 a 6 años con y sin caries dental. Material y Métodos: Este estudio transversal se llevó a cabo entre mayo de 2018 y diciembre de 2018. Se seleccionó aleatoriamente un total de 288 niños y niñas de entre 4 y 6 años de seis escuelas primarias diferentes en la ciudad de Chennai, India, y se dividieron en dos grupos de 144 niños cada uno según la presencia y ausencia de caries: El grupo A incluye niños con dentición no-cariada y el grupo B incluye niños con dentición cariada. La medición de la fuerza de mordida se realizó utilizando un medidor de fuerza oclusal estandarizado hecho a medida.Análisis estadístico utilizado: Los datos se expresaron como la media ± SD. Se utilizó la prueba t de Student (dos colas, independiente) y ANOVA para encontrar la importancia de los parámetros de estudio entre los grupos. Resultados: La fuerza de mordida oclusal de la dentición no cariada (367,94 ±33,71N) fue mayor que la de la dentición cariada (326,73±27,83N) y fue estadísticamente significativa (p≤0,01). La fuerza de mordida oclusal global de los niños (350,44±35,84N) fue significativamente mayor que la de las niñas (344,22±38,25N). La relación molar en el plano terminal al ras mostró una mayor fuerza de mordida oclusal (380,54 ± 27,36 N), seguida de una relación molar de escalón mesial (350,82 ± 22,25 N) y escalón distal (310,63 ± 20,82N).Conclusión: La dentición no cariada mostró una fuerza de mordida significativamente mayor que la dentición cariada en niños de 4 a 6 años de edad. Los niños tenían una mayor fuerza de mordida que las niñas y la relación molar en el plano terminal mostró una mayor fuerza de mordida que la relación molar escalonada mesial y distal.

Masticatory function according to body mass index: part II: electromyographic analysis / Función masticatoria según índice de masa corporal: parte II: análisis electromiográfico

Introduction: The objective of this study was to explore the electrical activity of the superficial muscles of mastication required to exert unilateral maximum bite force in subjects with different body mass index. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with a sample of 21 participants with an average age of 22.9 ± 3.5 years who were classified according to their body mass index, forming three study groups: normal weight (18.5-24.9), overweight (25-29.9) and obesity (≥30), with seven participants each. Through surface electromyography, the superficial muscles of mastication during right and left maximum bite force were evaluated. Results: No statistically significant differences in the maximum bite force were observed between the study groups. The data obtained from the electromyographic analysis of the superficial muscles of mastication demonstrate a trend indicating that subjects with a normal body mass index similarly activate the muscles on each side when performing a maximum bite force on a particular side, while overweight or obese subjects demonstrated significantly greater activation of the temporalis muscle associated with the side where the maximal bite force is performed. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the maximum bite force is not influenced by body mass index and that during the performance of a maximum bite force subjects with increased body mass index present a greater activation of the temporalis muscle associated with the side where the maximum bite force was performed.

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la actividad eléctrica de los músculos superficiales de la masticación, necesarios para ejercer la máxima fuerza de mordida unilateral, en sujetos con diferente índice de masa corporal. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal con una muestra de 21 participantes con una edad promedio de 22.9 ± 3.5 años, quienes fueron clasificados de acuerdo a su índice de masa corporal, formando tres grupos de estudio: peso normal (18,5-24,9), sobrepeso (25,0-29,9) y obesidad (≥30.0), con siete participantes cada uno. La electromiografía de superficie evaluó los músculos superficiales de la masticación durante la fuerza de mordida máxima derecha e izquierda. Resultados: No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la fuerza de mordida máxima entre los grupos de estudio. Los datos obtenidos del análisis electromiográfico de los músculos superficiales de la masticación demuestran una tendencia que indica que los sujetos con un índice de masa corporal normal activan de manera similar los músculos de cada lado cuando ejercen la fuerza de mordida máxima en un lado en particular. mientras que los sujetos con sobrepeso u obesos demostraron una activación significativamente mayor del músculo temporal asociado con el lado donde se realiza la fuerza máxima de mordida. Conclusión: Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que la fuerza de mordida máxima no está influenciada por el índice de masa corporal y que durante la realización de una fuerza de mordida máxima los sujetos con índice de masa corporal aumentado presentan una mayor activación del músculo temporal asociado al lado donde se realizó la fuerza de mordida máxima.

Função mastigatória nos diferentes ciclos de vida: análise eletromiográfica / Chewing function in different life cycles: analysis with electromyography / Función masticatoria en diferentes ciclos de vida: análisis con electromiografía

Introdução: A mastigação tem uma importância significativa para o desenvolvimento das estruturas do Sistema Estomatognático (SE), sendo esta aperfeiçoada no decorrer da vida. A eletromiografia de superfície destaca-se como uma importante ferramenta de avaliação capaz de quantificar a atividade elétrica dos músculos mastigatórios, sendo uma forma de caracterizar o comportamento dessa função estomatognática. Observando a complexidade e importância da mastigação, torna-se importante conhecer melhor as modificações desta função no decorrer dos ciclos de vida. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi realizar análise eletromiográfica dos músculos da mastigação em indivíduos sem queixas orofaciais representantes dos ciclos da infância, adolescência, fase adulta e senescência. Método: A amostra foi composta por 120 voluntários de ambos os sexos, distribuídos em quatro grupos de acordo com a faixa de idade. Os voluntários foram submetidos à avaliação da mastigação por meio da eletromiografia de superfície durante o repouso, contração voluntária máxima, mastigações unilaterais direita e esquerda e mastigação habitual; bem como a verificação da força de mordida entre os dentes incisivos centrais, molares do lado direito e molares do lado esquerdo. Realizou-se, ainda, a tomada de medidas antropométricas faciais das hemifaces direta e esquerda dos voluntários. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram comportamentos morfológicos e funcionais distintos entre os grupos estudados, bem como a influência da variável sexo nas respostas eletrofisiológicas da função mastigatória. Conclusão: foi verificado que o comportamento mastigatório variou segundo a idade e o sexo, apontando uma tendência de correlação entre os componetes anatômicos e funcionais envolvidos nessa função estomatognática.

Introduction: Chewing is of significant importance for the development of the structures of the Stomatognathic System (SE), which is improved throughout life. Surface electromyography stands out as an important assessment tool capable of quantifying the electrical activity of the masticatory muscles, being a way to characterize the behavior of this stomatognathic function. Observing the complexity and importance of chewing, it is important to better understand the changes in this function during the life cycles. Objective: The objective of the study was to perform an electromyographic analysis of the muscles of mastication in individuals without orofacial complaints representing the cycles of childhood, adolescence, adulthood and senescence. Method: The sample consisted of 120 volunteers of both sexes, distributed in four groups according to the age group. The volunteers underwent chewing assessment by means of surface electromyography during rest, maximum voluntary contraction, unilateral right and left chewing and habitual chewing; as well as the verification of the bite force between the central incisor teeth, molars on the right side and molars on the left side. Facial anthropometric measurements of the direct and left hemifaces of the volunteers were also taken. Results: The results showed distinct morphological and functional behaviors between the groups studied, as well as the influence of the gender variable on the electrophysiological responses of the masticatory function. Conclusion: it was found that the masticatory behavior varied according to age and sex, pointing to a trend of correlation between the anatomical and functional components involved in this stomatognathic function.

Introducción: La masticación es de gran importancia para el desarrollo de las estructuras del Sistema Estomatognático (SE), que se mejora a lo largo de la vida. La electromiografía de superficie se destaca como una importante herramienta de evaluación capaz de cuantificar la actividad eléctrica de los músculos masticatorios, siendo una forma de caracterizar el comportamiento de esta función estomatognática. Observando la complejidad de esta función, es importante conocer mejor los cambios de esta función durante los ciclos de vida. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue realizar un análisis electromiográfico de los músculos de la masticación en individuos sin quejas orofaciales representando los ciclos de niñez, adolescencia, adultez y senescencia. Método: La muestra estuvo formada por 120 voluntarios de ambos sexos, distribuidos en cuatro grupos según el grupo de edad. Los voluntarios fueron sometidos a valoración masticatoria mediante electromiografía de superficie en reposo, máxima contracción voluntaria, masticación unilateral derecha e izquierda y masticación habitual; así como la verificación de la fuerza de mordida entre los incisivos centrales, molares del lado derecho y molares del lado izquierdo. También se tomaron medidas antropométricas faciales de los hemifaces directo e izquierdo de los voluntarios. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron distintos comportamientos morfológicos y funcionales entre los grupos estudiados, así como la influencia de la variable género en las respuestas electrofisiológicas de la función masticatoria. Conclusión: se encontró que el comportamiento masticatorio varió según la edad y el sexo, apuntando a una tendencia de correlación entre los componentes anatómicos y funcionales involucrados en esta función estomatognática.

Efeitos de customizações da prótese total mandibular sobre a qualidade de vida, força de mordida e eletromiografia de músculos da mastigação de pacientes edêntulos: um estudo clínico analítico intervencional / Effects of mandibular complete denture customizations on quality of life, bite force, and masticatory muscle electromyography in edentulous patients: an interventional analytical clinical study

Objetivo: Avaliar se customizações da prótese total mandibular (reembasamento e restabelecimento da dimensão vertical de oclusão) influenciam na amplitude eletromiográfica dos músculos masseter e temporal, força máxima de mordida e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde oral de indivíduos edêntulos. Materiais e métodos: Usuários de próteses totais que usavam o mesmo par de próteses por mais do que 5 anos foram incluídos (sem disfunção temporomandibular) (n=15). Avaliações de qualidade de vida (Oral Health Impact Profile for Edentulous ­ OHIP-EDENT), força máxima de mordida, e eletromiografia dos músculos masseter e temporal foram realizadas em 5 tempos diferentes (T1 ­ próteses antigas originais; T2 ­ após 18 dias de uso da prótese mandibular reembasada; T3 ­ após 18 dias do restabelecimento da dimensão vertical de oclusão; e T4 e T5 ­ 30 e 100 dias de uso de novas próteses totais. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas entre os pontos de tempo para todos os testes eletromiográficos e de força máxima de mordida. O OHIP-EDENT mostrou que o reembasamento pode contribuir para uma maior adaptação da prótese total mandibular e conforto do paciente (T2), em contrapartida T3 foi associado com o desconforto do paciente (p<0.05). Conclusão: Baseado na avaliação de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde oral, o reembasamento da prótese total mandibular ocasionou um aumento do conforto mastigatório para os pacientes, e o restabelecimento prévio da dimensão vertical de oclusão causou um desconforto para os pacientes. A amplitude eletromiográfica mostrou que as customizações realizadas neste estudo não aumentaram ou diminuíram o esforço mastigatório significativamente. Além disso, todos os valores de força máxima de mordida observados estavam dentro do clinicamente aceitável(AU)

Objective: To evaluate whether customizations of mandibular complete dentures (relining and restoration of the vertical dimension of occlusion) influence the electromyographic amplitude of the masseter and temporal muscles, maximum bite force and oral health-related quality of life of edentulous individuals. Materials and methods: Complete denture wearers who wore the same pair of dentures for more than 5 years were included (without temporomandibular dysfunction) (n=15). Assessments of quality of life (Oral Health Impact Profile for Edentulous ­ OHIP-EDENT), maximum bite force, and electromyography of the masseter and temporal muscles were performed at 5 different times (T1 - original old dentures; T2 - after 18 days of wearing relined mandibular denture; T3 - after 18 days of restoration of the vertical dimension of occlusion; and T4 and T5 - 30 and 100 days of wearing new complete dentures. Results: There were no significant differences between the time points for all electromyographic and maximum bite force tests. The OHIP-EDENT showed that relining can contribute to greater adaptation of the mandibular denture and patient comfort (T2), in contrast, T3 was associated with patient discomfort (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the assessment of quality of life related to oral health, the reline of the mandibular complete denture caused an increase in masticatory comfort for the patients, and the previous definitive restoration of the vertical dimension of occlusion caused discomfort for patients. The electromyographic amplitude showed that the customizations performed in this study did not significantly increase or decrease masticatory effort. In addition, all observed maximum bite force values were within the clinically acceptable range(AU)

Effects of different degrees of root canal filling therapy on pain severity, stress response and masticatory function in patients with dental diseases / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effects of different degrees of root canal filling therapy on pain severity, stress response and masticatory function in patients with dental diseases.Methods:A total of 120 patients with dental disease who received treatment in Department of Oral Surgery, Zhoushan Hospital between December 2019 and December 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into study and control groups ( n = 60/group). Patients in the control group were given excessive root canal filling and those in the study group were given approximate root canal filling. Cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, interleukin-1β and interleukin-10 levels, bite force, gingival index and masticatory efficiency were determined before and after treatment. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the severity of pain in each group. Clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment, interleukin-1β, cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels in the study group were (23.66 ± 6.94) μg/L, (129.61 ± 27.18) μg/L, (14.58 ± 4.11) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(31.31 ± 10.13) μg/L, (147.93 ± 30.26) μg/L, (17.16 ± 5.04) ng/L, t = 4.82, 3.45, 3.07, all P < 0.05]. Interleukin-10 level in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(65.19 ± 16.06) ng/L vs. (56.61 ± 15.52) ng/L, t = 2.97, P < 0.05). Bite force and masticatory efficiency in the study group were (127.53 ± 33.20) 1bs and (84.73 ± 20.65)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(115.25 ± 30.12) 1bs, (75.49 ± 18.14)%, t = 2.12, 2.60, both P < 0.05]. Gingival index and Visual Analog Scale score in the study group were (0.44 ± 0.12) and (2.73 ± 0.81) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(0.44 ± 0.12), (2.73 ± 0.81) points, t = 7.92, 2.66, both P < 0.05]. Total response rate in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (96.67% vs. 81.67%, χ2 = 5.52, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Appropriate root canal filling therapy is highly effect on dental diseases. It can decrease stress response, inhibit inflammation, alleviate pain, and improve masticatory function.

Effect of treatment dentures on denture space in edentulous patients and its clinical evaluation / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To investigate the effect of treatment dentures on changes in denture space in edentulous patients and to evaluate its clinical effect.@* Methods@#Twenty patients with treatment dentures were investigated with a questionnaire and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) before and after treatment. The denture space, denture tissue surface, occlusal points, Gothic arch images, mucosal condition, lateral occlusal condition, bite force, retention and stability, patient mastication ability, denture satisfaction, and OHIP-14 score were collected for statistical analysis.@*Results @# After wearing treatment dentures, the denture space significantly improved, the tissue conditioners on the treatment denture gradually began to be distributed, and the occlusal points gradually became symmetrical. The gothic arch images showed that the joints, nerves, and muscles gradually stabilized. The mucosal condition changed to a healthy state. The lateral occlusal conditions were improved. There were also significant differences in the bite force, retention and stability, subjective and objective chewing ability, satisfaction with the denture and OHIP-14 score before and after treatment (P < 0.05). The objective chewing ability was positively correlated with the retention stability of the denture, the subjective chewing ability and the satisfaction of the denture, and it was negatively correlated with OHIP-14.@* Conclusion@#Treatment dentures could help to restore denture space to an ideal condition and improve the oral health of patients. This treatment could also improve the retention and stability of the denture and the chewing ability to improve patient satisfaction. This treatment has clinical application value and promotion potential.

Síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono em crianças (SAOS) associada aos dispositivos ortopédicos orais hyrax e bionator de balters sobre respostas miofuncionais / Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children (OSAS) associated with Hyrax and Balters' Bionator oral orthopedic devices on myofunctional responses

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência terapêutica dos dispositivos orais Hyrax e Bionator de Balters no tratamento da Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS), sobre a melhora da SAOS observado pela polissonografia, atividade elétrica dos músculos masseter e temporal, força máxima de mordida, qualidade de vida, e diâmetro dos pontos cefalométricos. Foram selecionados 11 participantes de ambos os sexos, diagnosticados com SAOS através do exame polissonográfico tipo III e com necessidade de tratamento ortopédico facial. Foi feita a coleta dos dados, os responsáveis preencheram os questionários (Escala de Distúrbios do Sono em Crianças e OSA-18-PV), termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido aos responsáveis e para as crianças, documentação ortodôntica (incluindo a análise do diâmetro dos pontos cefalométricos - espaço nasofaríngeo anterior e posterior (NFA-NFP), assim como espaço bucofaríngeo anterior e posterior (BFA-BFP)), análises iniciais da eletromiografia dos músculos masseter e temporal e força máxima de mordida. Estas informações foram coletadas no início do tratamento e após 11 meses, assim como o exame polissonográfico tipo III. Os dados foram normalizados pelo apertamento com Parafilm M e submetidos à análise normalidade pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, sendo observado os dados: valor de polissonografia; eletromiografia de masséter direito e esquerdo; eletromiografia de temporal direito e esquerdo; força de mordida em região de incisivo e molar esquerdo/direito, os questionários foram avaliados através de score e nota (0-10), e cefalometria (análise das distâncias NFA-NFP e BFABFP). Para estes dados, foi realizado o teste t de Student. Para os dados com distribuição não normal, foi realizado o teste de Wilcoxon. Todas as análises foram realizadas com nível de significância de 5%. Em relação ao exame polissonográfico e os questionários, houve diferença estatística evidenciando melhora na qualidade do sono dos indivíduos. A eletromiografia demonstrou que houve diferença estatística em repouso no músculo temporal direito, e na mastigação de uva passas, nos músculos masseter e temporal do lado direito. Na cefalometria, foi observada diferença estatística na distância entre os pontos NFA-NFP. Conclui-se que o uso dos dispositivos Hyrax e Bionator de Balters em crianças classe II e portadoras da SAOS é uma alternativa de tratamento segura e eficaz(AU)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of oral devices Hyrax and Balters Bionator in the treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), on the improvement of OSAS observed by polysomnography, electrical activity of the masseter and temporal muscles, maximum bite force, quality of life, and diameter of cephalometric points. Eleven participants of both genders, diagnosed with OSAS through type III polysomnographic examination and in need of facial orthopedic treatment, were selected. Data collection was performed, the guardians filled out the questionnaires (Sleep Disorders Scale in Children and OSA-18-PV), informed consent form to guardians and for children, cephalometric orthodontic documents - nasopharyngeal space anterior and posterior (NFA-NFP), as well as anterior and posterior buccopharyngeal space (BFA-BFP)), initial analysis of the electromyography of the masseter and temporal muscles and maximum bite force. This information was collected at the beginning of treatment and after 11 months, as well as the type III polysomnographic exam. Data were normalized by tightening with Parafilm M and analysis of normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, observing the following data: polysomnography value; right and left masseter electromyography; right and left temporal electromyography; bite force in the left/right incisor and molar region, the questionnaires were obtained through score and grade (0-10), and cephalometry (analysis of the NFA-NFP and BFA-BFP distances). For these data, the Student test was performed. For data with non-normal distribution, the Wilcoxon test was performed. All analyzes were performed with a significance level of 5%. Regarding the polysomnographic exam and the questionnaires, there was a statistical difference showing an improvement in the sleep quality of the respondents. The electromyography required that there was a statistical difference at rest in the right muscle, and when chewing raisins, in the masseter and temporal muscles on the right side. In cephalometry, a statistical difference was observed in the distance between the NFA-NFP points. It can be concluded that the use of the Balters Hyrax and Bionator devices in class II children and children with OSAS is a safe and effective treatment alternative(AU)

Factors associated with bite force in people with Parkinson's disease / Fatores associados à força de mordida em pessoas com doença de Parkinson

ABSTRACT Purpose: to assess the bite force in people with Parkinson's disease and correlate it with age, sex, stage and time of the disease, dentures use, presence of temporomandibular disorder, side of symptom onset, and masticatory preference. Methods: the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and the Hoehn & Yahr Parkinson's disease scale were used, and the participants' oral cavity was clinically examined. Then, the bite force was measured with an analog dynamometer, whose bar was adapted for mouth grip. The bite force results and their correlation with the variables were analyzed with the independent t-test (p<0.05). Results: the sample comprised 42 parkinsonians at a mean age of 64 years, 67% of whom were males. No difference was observed in the correlation with age, temporomandibular disorder, stage and time of Parkinson's disease; or between the sides, symptom onset and masticatory preference. However, there was a significant association between the sexes (males and females) for both sides (right - p=0.002; left - p=0.04) and denture use for bite force on the right side (p=0.03). Conclusion: being a female and using dentures are factors associated with decreased bite force in people with Parkinson's disease.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a força de mordida em pessoas com doença de Parkinson e correlacionar com: idade, sexo, estágio e tempo da doença, uso de prótese dentária, presença de disfunção temporomandibular, lado de início dos sintomas e preferência mastigatória. Métodos: foi aplicado o questionário Critério de Diagnóstico para Pesquisa em Disfunção Temporomandibular, a escala Hoehn & Yahr para estágio da doença de Parkinson e realizou-se o exame clínico da cavidade oral. Seguido do registro da força de mordida, utilizando um dinamômetro analógico, com haste adaptada para a preensão bucal. Os resultados obtidos da força de mordida e correlação com as variáveis foram analisadas por meio do teste T independente (p<0,05). Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 42 parkinsonianos com média de idade de 64 anos, desses 67% eram do sexo masculino. Observou-se não haver diferença na correlação com: idade, disfunção temporomandibular, estágio e tempo de diagnóstico da doença de Parkinson, bem como entre os lados, início dos sintomas e preferência mastigatória, no entanto, houve associação significante entre os sexos: masculino e feminino para ambos os lados (direito - p=0,002; esquerdo - p=0,04) e na utilização de prótese dentária para a força de mordida do lado direito (p=0,03). Conclusão: constatou-se que ser do sexo feminino e fazer uso de prótese dentária são fatores associados à redução da força de mordida em pessoas com doença de Parkinson.

Efeitos da reabilitação oral com novas próteses totais convencionais sobre a força de mordida e a amplitude eletromiográfica dos músculos supra-hióideos e esternocleidomastóideos e suas correlações com a dimensão vertical de oclusão / Effects of oral rehabilitation with new conventional complete dentures on bite force and electromyographic amplitude of suprahyoid and sternocleidomastoid muscles and their correlation with vertical occlusal dimension

Objetivos: Analisar os efeitos da reabilitação oral com próteses totais sobre o força máxima de mordida e eletromiografia dos músculos supra-hióideos e esternocleidomastóideo e suas correlações com a DVO. Métodos: Pacientes usuários de próteses totais insatisfatórias participaram em três sessões (T0, T1 e T2). No T0, enquanto os pacientes ainda usavam suas próteses velhas, eles foram submetidos a exames de força de mordida e eletromiografia dos músculos supra-hióideos e esternocleidomastóideos. Novamente, esses exames foram repetidos e a DVO foi medida enquanto os pacientes usavam as suas próteses novas e as velhas, 30 dias após a instalação das novas próteses (T1). Cem dias após a instalação das novas próteses (T2) os exames foram repetidos. Os dados foram submetidos aos testes de normalidade de ShapiroWilk, análise de variância (ANOVA), correlação de Pearson e regressão linear, todos com 5% de significância. Resultados: Quinze pacientes participaram do estudo. Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi observada para força de mordida e eletromiografia. Porém, os testes de correlação e regressão demonstraram importantes interações entre DVO e força de mordida, e DVO e eletromiografia durante a deglutição para os músculos supra-hióideos. Conclusão: A reabilitação não impactou a força de mordida nem as atividades dos músculos estudados (eletromiografia). Por outro lado, a DVO demonstrou ser um fator importante para força de mordida e deglutição de água após a reabilitação(AU)

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of oral rehabilitation with complete dentures on bite force and electromyography of the suprahyoid and sternocleidomastoid muscles, and their correlation with OVD. Materials and Methods: Patients wearers of unsatisfactory removable complete dentures were attended in three sessions (T0, T1 and T2). At T0, while the patients still wore the old dentures, they were submitted to bite force and surface electromyographic exams of the suprahyoid and sternocleidomastoid muscles. These exams were repeated and the OVD was measured while the patients wore their old and new prostheses, 30 days after insertion of the new prosthesis (T1). The exams were repeated 100 days after the insertion of the new prosthesis (T2). The data were submitted to the ShapiroWilk normality test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation and linear regression, all with 5% significance. Results: Fifteen patients participated in the study. No statistically significant difference was observed for bite force or electromyography in T0, T1, or T2. However, the correlation and regression tests showed important interactions between the OVD and bite force, as well as the OVD and electromyography during deglutition for the suprahyoid muscles. Conclusion: Rehabilitation did not impact bite force nor the activity of the assessed muscles (electromyography). On the other hand, OVD was shown to be an important factor for bite force, and deglutition of water after rehabilitation(AU)

Evaluation of bite force and masticatory performance: complete denture vs mandibular overdenture users

Abstract: This cross-sectional observational study with 24 patients evaluated differences in bite force (BF) and masticatory performance (MP) between conventional complete denture (CCD) and implant mandibular overdenture (IMO) users and the correlation between these variables. The BF test was performed bilaterally with an occlusal force device. During the MP test, patients were asked to chew Optocal particles for 40 cycles. The Shapiro Wilk test was employed to verify the normality of the data, the student t test to identify differences between groups, and Pearson's correlation to investigate interrelationships between variables. A multiple linear regression was subsequently performed via the stepwise method. P values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Unlike IMO users, CCD users presented a significant difference (25.6%) in BF between the dominant and non-dominant chewing side (p=0.04). IMO users presented significantly higher BF (p=0.01) without presenting a dominant side (p=0.38), and also performed significantly better for the following MP parameters: MPX50 values decreased by 27.25% in IMO users (p=0.01), MPB decreased by 48.38% (p=0.01), and ME 5.6 decreased by 53.25% (p=0.02), while ME2.8 increased by 151.57% (p=0.01). The BF and MPX50 in the IMO wearers group were negatively correlated (-0.57; p=0.05); this correlation coefficient was the only parameter included in the multivariate regression model. IMO users have higher BF and better masticatory performance than CCD users, especially in terms of chewed particles size reduction. MP is correlated with a higher BF in IMO users through better particle trituration.

Resumo Este estudo observacional transversal com 24 participantes teve como objetivo avaliar as diferenças na força de mordida (FM) e na PM (performance mastigatória) entre usuários de prótese total convencional (PTC) e de overdenture mandibular (OM) e a correlação entre essas variáveis. O teste de FM foi realizado bilateralmente com um dispositivo de força oclusal. Durante o teste de PM, os pacientes foram solicitados a mastigar uma porção padronizada de Optocal por 40 ciclos mastigatórios. O teste de Shapiro Wilk foi empregado para verificar a normalidade dos dados, o teste T de Student para identificar diferenças entre os grupos e os coeficientes de correlação de Pearson para investigar inter-relações entre variáveis. Uma regressão linear múltipla foi realizada pelo método stepwise. Valores de p≤0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significantes. Diferentemente dos usuários de OM, os usuários de PTC apresentaram uma diferença significativa (34%) na FM entre o lado dominante e o não dominante (p=0,04). Os usuários de OM apresentaram FM significativamente maior (p=0,01) sem apresentar um lado dominante (p=0,38) e obtiveram PM significativamente melhor nos seguintes parâmetros: os valores de PMX50 diminuíram 27,25% (p=0,01), PMB diminuiu em 48,38% (p=0,01), e EM 5.6 diminuiu 53,25% (p=0,02), enquanto EM2.8 aumentou 151,57% (p=0,01). A FM e PMX50 no grupo de usuários da IMO foram negativamente correlacionados (-0,57;p=0,05); esse coeficiente de correlação foi o único parâmetro incluído no modelo de regressão multivariada. Os usuários da OM possuem maior FM e melhor performance mastigatória do que os usuários de PTC, observados principalmente na redução do tamanho das partículas mastigadas. A PM está correlacionada com um maior FM nos usuários da OM através de uma melhor trituração de partículas.

Factores morfofuncionales de interés en prostodoncia que dependen de los biotipos craneofaciales / Morphofunctional factors of interest in prosthodontics depending on the craniofacial biotypes

El presente es un trabajo de investigación bibliográfica que busca establecer la posibilidad de utilizar las cefalometrías como elementos de diagnóstico pronóstico y elaboración de prótesis. Centra su objeto de estudio en encontrar y clasificar los factores morfológicos y funcionales que varían con los biotipos craneofaciales y que son de interés en la prostodoncia. La metodología empleada fue la revisión de la literatura histórica hasta la actualidad en la que se relacionan temas de prostodoncia a los biotipos craneofaciales. Si bien solo dos autores relacionaron la prostodoncia con los biotipos cráneo faciales, sí se encontraron varios temas de interés asociados directamente a la prostodoncia. Se clasificaron en temas de oclusión: Curva de Spee, plano de oclusión, movimientos mandibulares, dimensión vertical oclusiva y de especio libre interoclusal. Tema de maloclusiones. Tema de fuerza muscular. Tema variaciones morfológicas de procesos alveolares, corticales ósea y de la forma dentaría. Encontrándose para cada uno de ellos alguna correlación positiva con los distintos tipos faciales. De este estudio, se concluye que es necesario sistematizar el estudio de los conocimientos que puede aportar la cefalometría como una importante herramienta de diagnóstico al prostodoncista a partir de haberse encontrado variaciones muy importantes en los aspectos mencionados que hacen al interés de la rehabilitación prostodóncica (AU)

This Work is a bibliographic research that seeks to establish the use of cephalometries as elements of diagnosis prognostic and prosthesis elaboration. Its focus is to find and classify morphological and functional factors that vary with facial types which are of interest in prosthodontics. This was a review of the historical literature to date, in which prosthodontics are related to facial types. Although only two authors related prosthodontics to facial ypes, they did find several topics of interest directly associated with prosthodontics. They were classified into occlusion themes: Spee curve, occlusion plane, mandibular movements, occlusive vertical dimension and interocclusal free space. Malocclusion issue. Muscle strength theme. Morphological variations of alveolar processes, cortical bone and dental morphology. They found some positive correlation with the different facial types for each of them. From this study, it is concluded that it is necessary to systematize the study of cephalometries because they can provide to be an important diagnostic tool to the prosthodontist because there were found very important variations in the mentioned aspects that are of interest in prosthodontic rehabilitation (AU)

Assessment of Maximum Bite Force in Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients: A Preliminary Study

Abstract Objective: To determine the maximum bite force (MBF) in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients and to compare them with that of healthy subjects. Material and Methods: Twenty patients who were clinically confirmed, as OSMF and 20 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and number of intact functional teeth were included in this study. For each subject, age, gender, weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were recorded. The MBF registration was carried out by the two evaluators, who were previously calibrated. Bite force was measured in the first molar region using a force transducer occlusal force meter for each subject seated at the upright position, with Frankfort's plane nearly parallel to the floor, and no head support. The Student's independent t-test was used to determine the statistical significance in relation to mean height, weight, BMI and the presence of number of intact teeth and MBF between the healthy subjects and OSMF individuals. A comparison of grades of OSMF with all variables was carried out by one-way ANOVA test. Results: No significant difference was found in mean age, mean height, weight, BMI and the presence of the number of intact teeth between healthy individuals and OSMF patients. The mean MBF in healthy subjects was 628.23 ± 24.39 N and 635.47 ± 31.22 N in OSMF patients. Even though the healthy subjects reported a higher MBF than OSMF patients did, the difference was statistically non-significant. With regards to sides, no significant difference was observed in mean MBF in healthy subjects and OSMF patients on the right (p=0.7818) and left side (p=0.6154). Conclusion: The healthy subjects reported higher MBF values than OSMF patients did and the difference was statistically non-significant.

Direct resin composite restoration of endodontically-treated permanent molars in adolescents: bite force and patient-specific finite element analysis

Abstract Objective To evaluate the influence of three levels of dental structure loss on stress distribution and bite load in root canal-treated young molar teeth that were filled with bulk-fill resin composite, using finite element analysis (FEA) to predict clinical failure. Methodology Three first mandibular molars with extensive caries lesions were selected in teenager patients. The habitual occlusion bite force was measured using gnathodynamometer before and after endodontic/restoration procedures. The recorded bite forces were used as input for patient-specific FEA models, generated from cone-beam computed tomographic (CT) scans of the teeth before and after treatment. Loads were simulated using the contact loading of the antagonist molars selected based on the CT scans and clinical evaluation. Pre and post treatment bite forces (N) in the 3 patients were 30.1/136.6, 34.3/133.4, and 47.9/124.1. Results Bite force increased 260% (from 36.7±11.6 to 131.9±17.8 N) after endodontic and direct restoration. Before endodontic intervention, the stress concentration was located in coronal tooth structure; after rehabilitation, the stresses were located in root dentin, regardless of the level of tooth structure loss. The bite force used on molar teeth after pulp removal during endodontic treatment resulted in high stress concentrations in weakened tooth areas and at the furcation. Conclusion Extensive caries negatively affected the bite force. After pulp removal and endodontic treatment, stress and strain concentrations were higher in the weakened dental structure. Root canal treatment associated with direct resin composite restorative procedure could restore the stress-strain conditions in permanent young molar teeth.

Orofacial functions and forces in male and female healthy young and adults

ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine reference values of orofacial myofunctional condition and orofacial forces in healthy young and adults. Methods: Fifty young and adults were selected from a total of 316 voluntaries. Participants were assessed with the Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores (OMES) for the investigation of orofacial myofunctional condition. The maximum forces of bite, cheeks, tongue (anterior and posterior regions), and lips were assessed with an electronic dynamometer (values expressed in Newtons). Force values were obtained by average of three repeated measurement. The technical error of measurements was calculated for all variables. Results: There were no differences in orofacial myofunctional condition between men and women. Men presented higher values of orofacial forces compared to women. Conclusion: The normal values of orofacial myofunctional condition and orofacial forces were determined in healthy and adults Brazilian men and women. The values obtained in this study from healthy Brazilian may help in the diagnosis of alterations in orofacial motor function and contribute for their therapeutic management.

RESUMO Objetivo: determinar valores de referência da condição miofuncional orofacial e forças orofaciais em adultos jovens saudáveis. Método: foram selecionados 50 jovens e adultos de um total de 316 voluntários. Os participantes foram avaliados pelo protocolo de Avaliação Miofuncional Orofacial com Escores (AMIOFE) para a investigação da condição miofuncional orofacial. As forças de mordida, bochechas, língua (regiões anterior e posterior) e lábios foram avaliadas por um dinamômetro eletrônico e os valores foram registrados em Newtons. Os valores de força foram obtidos pela média de três medidas repetidas. O erro técnico do método foi calculado para todas as variáveis. Resultado: Não houve diferenças na condição miofuncional orofacial entre homens e mulheres. Homens apresentaram maiores valores de forças orofaciais em relação às mulheres. Conclusões: Os valores normais da condição miofuncional orofacial e das forças orofaciais foram determinados em homens e mulheres brasileiros saudáveis e adultos. Os valores obtidos neste estudo de brasileiros saudáveis podem auxiliar no diagnóstico de alterações na função motora orofacial e contribuir para o seu manejo terapêutico.

Influence of the height of the mandibular ridge on the masticatory function during the functional adaptation with new complete dentures

Abstract The period of functional adaptation to a new conventional complete denture embraces many transitory issues, and this period is directly related to the rehabilitation success. Objective This clinical trial evaluated the influence of the height of mandibular ridge on the masticatory function of complete denture (CD) wearers during the adaptation period. Methodology A total of 28 individuals wearing new CDs (NR, n=14, normal mandibular ridges, 64±12.5 years, 9 female; RR, n=14, resorbed mandibular ridges, 69±6.8 years, 9 female) were assessed at 24 hours, 30 days, three months and six months after the insertion of the CDs for masticatory performance (MP, sieves method), satisfaction with CDs (questionnaire) and maximum occlusal bite force (MOBF) (gnatodynamometer). The classification of the mandibular ridges followed the Kapur index. Data of MP and MOBF were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and satisfaction with CDs was analyzed by Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), α=.05. Results Participants with NR presented better masticatory performance (p=.000 - NR 30.25±9.93%, RR 12.41±7.17%), general satisfaction (p=.047), retention of mandibular denture (p=.001), chewing ability (p=.037), and comfort of wearing a mandibular denture (p=.000). Regardless of the mandibular ridge, MP (p=.000) was higher at three (21.26±12.07%) and six months (24.25±12.26%) in comparison to 24 hours (18.09±10.89%), the MOBF (p=.000) was higher at three months (78.50±6.49 N) compared to 24 hours (57.34±5.55 N) and 30 days (62.72±5.97 N), and the comfort of wearing a mandibular denture (p=.002) at three months (1.61 ± 0.07) was greater than 24 hours (1.29±0.10) and 30 days (1.36±10). Conclusions The study suggests that the participants with NR have higher MP and satisfaction with their CD, regardless of the follow-up period after the insertion of the new CD. After subjects received the CD, a period of 3 months was necessary for achieving better achievement MOBF, MP, and self-perceived comfort with the mandibular denture, regardless of the height of the mandibular ridge.